Basal Ganglia | Neuroanatomy | Part 1/3

Basal Ganglia | Neuroanatomy | Part 1/3 Like this video? Sign up now on our website at to access 800 Exclusive videos on Basic Medical Sciences & Clinical Medicine. These are premium videos (NOT FROM YOUTUBE). All these videos come with English subtitles & download options. Sign up now! Get Lifetime Access for a one-time payment of $99 ONLY! Sign up now on our website at --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Why sign up for premium membership? Here’s why! Membership Features for premium website members. 1. More than 800 Medical Lectures. 2. Basic Medical Sciences & Clinical Medicine. 3. Mobile-friendly interface with android and iOS apps. 4. English subtitles and new videos every week. 5. Download option for offline video playback. 6. Fanatic customer support and that’s 24/7. 7. Fast video playback option to learn faster. 8. Trusted by over 2M students in 190 countries. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ Contents of this video ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ (0:00-3:43) Basal Ganglia; masses of Gray Mater at the base of cerebral hemispheres. Basic anatomy, location of Thalami. (3:45-5:45) C-shaped mass of Gray Mater: Caudate Nucleus. (5:55-7:25) Lentiform nuclei at lateral sides of Caudate Nucleus. Structure of Caudate Nuclei in relation to Lentiform Nuclei. (7:27-11:25) Fibers of Internal Capsule passing through the C-shaped gap of Caudate nucleus. Explanation of Internal Capsule in relation to external capsule; Internal Capsule being like white matter compressed in between gray mater nuclei. Gray Lentiform (Lens like) nucleus present in/surrounded by sort of a “white capsule“; hence the division of Internal and External Capsule. (11:28-12:40) Moving further laterally (from external capsule): Claustrum, Extreme Capsule. (12:47-15:40) Insula is gray mater, lateral to Claustrum. Lentiform Nucleus consists of Putamen laterally and Globus Pallidus medially. (15:45-17:56) Subthalamus, under thalamus. Midbrain: Cerebral Aqueduct, Superior and inferior colliculi. Substantia Nigra (SN); Posterior part is very densely packed gray mater known as SN pars compacta. Anterior part of SN is less densely packed and is called SN pars reticularis. (17:60-19:00) Amygdala, masses of gray mater posterior to lentiform nuclei. (19:00-21:30) Basal Ganglia classification: Traditional Basal Ganglia & Clinical Basal Ganglia. (21:33-23:40) Clinical classification of Basal Ganglia: Lentiform nuclei Caudate Nuclei Subthalami Substantia Nigra. (23:41-27:38) Traditional Classification in detail: Globus Pallidus external & internal: Corpus Striatum = Caudate Putamen Globus Pallidus. Neo Striatum = Caudate Putamen. Paleo Striatum = Globus Pallidus. (27:40-29:00) Traditional Classification continued: Lentiform nucleus = Putamen Globus Pallidus. Summary of traditional classification. (29:01-37:09) Important connections of Basal Ganglia, functionally: Corticospinal fibers & Corticonuclear fibers; Both (Upper Motor Neurons). Upper Motor Neuron to Lower Motor Neuron to Motor nerves/Effector organs. Motor “plans“ are stored in Basal Ganglia & Cerebellum; Basal Ganglia to Thalami and back to cortex; a loop. (37:10-41:23) Motor Cortex: Primary Motor Area Premotor Area Supplementary Motor Area. Motor Cortex is also functionally associated with Primary Somatosensory Area. Initiation of idea/message: Prefrontal cortex to Pre- and Supplementary motor areas to Basal Ganglia, Fine tuning/modifications in BG and then through Thalamus the information goes back to cortex. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Join this channel to get access to the perks: Sign up now on our website at Follow us on Facebook:- Follow us on Instagram:-