How to measure Inbriding coefficient

In general terms, inbreeding is where the sire and dam have ancestors in common. The level of inbreeding is simply how closely related these relatives are across the sire and dam lines. The standard (mathematical) measure for the level of inbreeding is the Inbreeding Co-efficient. It indicates the probability (between 0% and 100%) that genes at a randomly chosen location in the DNA are identical by descent. The technique assumes that there are 2 forms of a gene and that each form has an equal chance to be passed on to the next generation. One limitation on calculating inbreeding coefficients is the depth of pedigrees available. Animals with a shallow pedigree may have a low inbreeding coefficient simply because their related ancestors are not on the database. Inbreeding Coefficient: is expressed as a percentage value. A low inbreeding coefficient means a low level of inbreeding (eg 3% as in the example above). In most beef cattle breed societies, the vast majority of animals have an inbreeding coefficient of less than 10%, inbreeding coefficients over 30% are unusual, and over 40% are rare. Generations - Adjacent to the inbreeding coefficient, there are two numbers indicating the minimum number of generations in the animal’s pedigree and, in brackets, the average number of generations in the animal’s pedigree - as currently available on the database. Deeper pedigrees will result in a more accurate calculation of the inbreeding coefficient, particularly where the inbreeding coefficient is small. #Genetics101 #GeneticsExamQuestionsSolutions #phenotype #chromosome #Genetics #GeneticsLecture #genome #DNA #geneExpression #alleles #genotype #GeneStructure #geneticCode #Eukaryotes #GeneticTesting #genomics #Proteins #MolecularBiology #Chromosomes #genomes #genes #GeneticExamQuestionsSolutions #InbreedingCoefficient #pedigrees