Why Are Neanderthals Extinct?

Was it climate change? A failure to adapt? Competition from homo sapiens? Run out of marmite? All of the above? Sources: Abi-Rached, Laurent et al. “The shaping of modern human immune systems by multiregional admixture with archaic humans.” Science (New York, N.Y.) vol. 334,6052 (2011): 89-94. doi: Bicho, Nuno, et al. “Early Upper Paleolithic Colonization across Europe: Time and Mode of the Gravettian Diffusion.” Plos One, vol. 12, no. 5, 2017, doi: Meyer, Matthias, et al. “Nuclear DNA Sequences from the Middle Pleistocene Sima De Los Huesos Hominins.” Nature, vol. 531, no. 7595, 2016, pp. 504–507., doi: Papagianni, Dimitra. The Neanderthals Rediscovered. Thames & Hudson, 2015. Peresani, M., et al. “Late Neandertals and the Intentional Removal of Feathers as Evidenced from Bird Bone Taphonomy at Fumane Cave 44 Ky B.P., Italy.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 108, no. 10, 2011, pp. 3888–3893., doi: